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TRADE AND POLICY |
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Fundamental Rules and Objectives
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The state has been implementing, laying down three fundamental trade and
commerce rules: the objectives of three rules are for the welfare of the State
and her citizens who should not be oppressed by commercial activies to be
carried out not aiming at profit but only for long-term continuance. The
Ministry of Trade and Commerce has carried out the act ivies based on four
objectives namely "to support the activities of domestic and foreign trade to
promote the nation's economy to make trading enterprises capable and
business-like organization to get more foreign currency for the State by
exporting more to provide supportive measures for commercial activities of the
cooperative and private entrepreneurs".
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Domestic and Foreign Trade Activities
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The following fun5damental activities are include in domestic and foreign
trade:-
1. The Field of trade
2. Exports
3. Imports
4. Borders trade
5. Activities of buying and selling rice, paddy, Pulse and maize |
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Since 1988, the market-oriented economic system has been in practice in Myanmar
Process such as giving freedom to the agricultural sector, encouraging foreign
investment, giving legal service for border trade, encouraging the
participation of private sector in foreign trade and letting companies
joint-venture, traders and Association of Union of Myanmar Chamber of Commerce
and Industry have been organized in sequences and are being implemented step by
step.
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Myanamar Naing-Ngan believes in the concept of freedom in commerce and wisher
for an independent and fair commercial system all over the world. Myanmar is
one of the first countries in GATT. Now, Myanmar is a member nation of the
Eorld Trade Organization which was organized through GATT. Therefore foreign
trade a activities of Myanmar Naing_Ngan are carried out according to the
system of W.T.O. Myanmar Naing-Ngan signed agreements with the countries within
Asian regions, the Republic of Korea, the People's Republic of China, Thailand,
Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Vietnam, Loas, the Philippines, Malaysia, so also
with seven Eastern Europe Countries. Such agreements are aimed at the
reinforcement of possible trading techniques for long-term development based on
the attitude of mutual benefit. Moreover, the terms contained in these
agreements are in accordance with the norms of W.T.O. Major trading countries
of Myanmar Naing-Ngan are the peoples Republic of China, Singpore, Japan,
Thailadn, India and Malaysia which are countries within Asia. European Economic
Community is the second important trading counterparts.
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In October 1988, the State gave up Planning And Economic System centrally
controlled and practised independent market-oriented economic system. As a
result economic and trading business developed considerably. The main exports
are farm produce such as rice, pulses, maize, animal food and wood products
such as teak, hardwood, sawed wood, metallurgical products and jewellery.
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Statement Showing Domestic Export of Principal Commodities
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| (Kyat in Myanmar) |
| Sr.No |
Groups of Commodities |
1996-97 |
1997-98 |
1998-99 |
1999-2000 |
| 1. |
agriculture Product |
1981 |
1952 |
1890 |
1602 |
| 2. |
Animal Product |
9 |
8 |
34 |
28 |
| 3. |
Marine Product |
887 |
945 |
941 |
807 |
| 4. |
Timber Product |
985 |
853 |
789 |
925 |
| 5. |
Metallurgical Product and Jewellery |
192 |
237 |
223 |
508 |
| 6. |
Others |
1032 |
2016 |
2380 |
2296 |
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Total |
5488 |
6447 |
6728 |
7043 |
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Domestic Export and Import [1998 - 99 to 2001 - 2002]
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| (Kyat in Myanmar) |
| Sr.No |
Groups of Commodities |
1998-99 |
1999-2000 |
2000-2001[P] |
2001-2002[April-Jan]
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| 1. |
Domestic Exportt |
67281.1 |
6552.2 |
7605.7 |
3472.3
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| 2. |
Import |
16871.7 |
14420.8 |
11605.0 |
5108.8 |
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The State has been steadily increasing the volume of imports of commodities in
order to adequately fulfil the basic needs of the people and the commodities
required by the infrastructure development projects being implemented by the
State. A comparison of the imports is showing below;-
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| (Kyat in Myanmar) |
| Sr.No |
Groups of Commodities |
1996-97 |
1997-98 |
1998-99 |
1999-2000 |
| 1. |
Capital Goods |
4714.2 |
6552.2 |
7358.0 |
5335.1 |
| 2. |
Animal Product
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3046.0 |
3350.1 |
4171.3 |
5132.0
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| 2. |
Marine Product
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4018.6 |
4843.9 |
5342.4 |
5797.7 |
| Total |
11778.8 |
14366.1 |
16871.7 |
16264.8
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