|
BORDER AREAS AND NATIONAL RACE |
|
Background
|
 |
| The national races of Myanmar have
redesign unitedly in the Union of Myanmar since ancient times with a lung
history and culture of its own. The national races seems to he living apart due
to the geographical conditions of the country. but in realitv, they have been
residing together in all the regions of the country. I Therefore national
solidarity is the utmost important political force of the country The
government putting in the fore the Three Main National Causes. have started the
measures for the development of border areas and national race since 1987.
|
|
Establishment of the Central Committee
|
| To foster the development of
border areas and national races, the Central Committee for the Development of
Border Areas and National Races was established on 25 May 1998, with Senior
General Than Shove as Chairman of the Committee consisting five members. It was
restructured with ten members on 11 January 1998.
|
|
Establishment of the Work Committee
|
| To carry out and implement the
policy guidelines of the Central Committee the Work Committee for the
Development of Border Areas and National Race, was established oil 31 May 1998
with Lt-Gen Khin Nyunt Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council
as Chairman of the Committee. It was restructured on 11 January 1998 with 49
members. |
|
Development of Border Areas and National Races Law
|
| The Development of Border Areas and
National Races Law was enacted on 13 August 1993. |
|
Cooperation with International Agencies and Organizations
|
| The government formed the committee
for cooperation with international organizations in border are development on
25 April 1991. |
|
Master Plan for the Development of Border Areas and National Races
|
 |
| In accordance with the Development of Border
Areas and National Races Law and in order to foster the development measures,
the Master Plan was formulated in line with the guidelines of the Chairman of
the State. |
| The eleven-year Master Plan consists of the
first three-year short-term plan from 1993-94 to 1995-96, first medium-term
four-year plan from 1996-97 to 1999-2000 and second medium-term four-year plan
from 2000-2001 to 2003-2004. |
|
National Reconsolidating
|
| The government, realizing that
national solidarity and reconsolidation is utmost importance of the nation in
times of peace and tranquillity, formulated National reconsolidation as the
second point in four political objectives and welcome the armed groups to come
into the legal fold. |
| Realizing the true goodwill of
government, 17 armed groups have returned to the legal fold to work hand in
hand with the government for the development of their regions. |
|
Regions where development measures are being implemented
|
-
Kachin Special Region No. (1)
-
Kachin Special Region No. (2)
-
Kokang Region
-
Wa Region
-
Shan Region
-
Kachin North East Region
-
Palaung Region
-
Maw-pha Region
-
Pa-O Region.
-
Kayah Region
-
Eastern Shan Region
-
Mon Region
-
Kayin Region
-
Taninthayi Region
-
Rakhine Region
-
Chin Region
-
Kabaw Valley Region
-
Naga Region
|
|
Measures taken for the Development of Border Areas and National Races
|
| In order to foster the development
of the border areas where national brethren are residing, the government has
been implementing the projects with added momentum. Realizing the goodwill of
the government, various armed groups have returned to the legal fold and have
been working hand in hand with the government for the development of their
respective region. |
| Region |
Primary
School |
Middle
School |
Higher
School |
House
Keeping |
Youth
Center |
| Kachin Special Region No. (1) |
34 |
5 |
- |
- |
2 |
| Kachin Special Region No. (2) |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
| Kokang Region |
41 |
3 |
2 |
- |
1 |
| Shan Region |
11 |
- |
1 |
1 |
- |
| Kachin North East Region |
9 |
2 |
- |
- |
- |
| Palaung Region |
32 |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
| Maw-pha Region |
15 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
| Pa-O Region |
36 |
15 |
5 |
- |
- |
| Kayah Region |
12 |
2 |
- |
1 |
1 |
| Rakhine Region |
19 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
- |
| Chin/Naga Region |
2 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
8 |
| Kabaw Vally Region |
5 |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
| Kayin State |
23 |
4 |
- |
1 |
- |
| Taninthayi Region |
9 |
- |
- |
2 |
- |
| Mon Region |
10 |
1 |
- |
1 |
1 |
| Wa Region |
44 |
3 |
1 |
- |
1 |
| Total ... |
366 |
48 |
19 |
10 |
16 |
|
| Sr. |
Particulars |
Measures Taken |
| 1 |
Earth Road [miles] |
3432/1 |
| 2 |
Gravel Road [miles] |
1550/3 |
| 3 |
Aspalt Road [miles] |
315/5 |
| 4 |
Maintenance Works [miles] |
6535/2 |
| 5 |
Bridges [big / small / suspension] |
64/797/16 |
| 6 |
Schools [primary / middle / high] |
366/48/19 |
| 7 |
Hospitals |
46 |
| 8 |
Dispensaries/Rural Health |
74/38 |
| 9 |
Diesel Generators/Region with Electric |
242/178 |
| 10 |
Hydro Electric Power |
8 |
| 11 |
Agriculture Office/Farm |
31/113 |
| 12 |
Dam/Canal |
40/4 |
| 13 |
Tractor Depots |
11 |
| 14 |
Reserved Forest/Planned Reserved Forest |
4/4 |
| 15 |
Saw Mill |
12 |
| 16 |
Nursery Forest |
7 |
| 17 |
Livestock Farm/Livestock Breeding Veterinary Offices |
19/41 |
| 18 |
Cattle Breeding |
73 |
| 19 |
Distribution of Donkeys |
38 |
| 20 |
Post Offices |
53 |
| 21 |
Radio Telephone |
45 |
| 22 |
Telephone Exchange |
54 |
| 23 |
Telephone Land Line [miles] |
442 |
| 24 |
Carrier System |
21 |
| 25 |
Telegraph Office |
45 |
| 26 |
Domestic Satellite |
11 |
| 27 |
Bulding [Communication Center] |
9 |
| 28 |
TV Sub-station |
85 |
| 29 |
Mineral Exploration and Mining
(a) Ruby [carat]
(b)Sapphire [Nos.] |
249280.26
507.70 |
|
| [Kyats in Million] |
Sr
No |
Particulars |
Border Areas
Fund |
Ministry
Fund |
Total
Expenditure |
| 1 |
Branch Offices |
1422.80 |
|
1422.80 |
| 2 |
Agricultures & Forests |
360.11 |
561.41 |
921.52 |
| 3 |
Forests [from 1995-96 budges] |
1.89 |
21.71 |
23.60 |
| 4 |
Livestock Breeding & Husbandry |
43.37 |
354.94 |
398.41 |
| 5 |
Roads & Transport |
3184.05 |
8352.52 |
11536.57 |
| 6 |
Communication |
146.06 |
186.71 |
332.77 |
| 7 |
Social Welfare & Cooperatives |
14.81 |
12.04 |
26.85 |
| 8 |
Trade |
5.29 |
50.76 |
56.05 |
| 9 |
Housing |
535.39 |
1.99 |
537.38 |
| 10 |
Energy |
169.44 |
518.83 |
688.27 |
| 11 |
Health |
223.76 |
31.54 |
255.30 |
| 12 |
Education |
375.57 |
135.98 |
511.55 |
| 13 |
Public Relations |
262.23 |
140.42 |
402.65 |
| 14 |
Mineral Exploration & Mining |
|
103.96 |
103.96 |
| 15 |
Administration & Budgetary |
|
233.71 |
233.71 |
| 16 |
Home Affairs |
18.25 |
389.88 |
408.13 |
| 17 |
Religion Affairs |
172.22 |
13.15 |
185.37 |
| 18 |
Comm.Dev.Project |
25.58 |
|
25.58 |
| 19 |
Miscellaneous |
97.78 |
|
97.78 |
| 20 |
Grant |
3175.56 |
|
3175.56 |
| Total ... |
10774.26 |
11109.55 |
21883.81 |
|
| Water Supply Project for Rural Areas |
| Subject |
Quantity |
| total townships |
176 |
| total village tracts
|
7701 |
| total villages |
36764 |
| population of villages in 2000-2001 |
19172105 |
| population of villages in 2000-2001 |
22906659 |
|
| Water supply of villages in 14 States and Divisions
are as follows: |
| those villages that find it difficult to obtain water |
176 |
| those villages that get water insufficiently |
5221 |
| those villages that get no pure drinking water |
9170 |
| those villages that get pure drinking water |
20654 |
| Total |
35221 |
|
| State/Division |
No. of townships |
No. of villages |
| Kayah State |
4 |
all villages |
| Kayin State |
2 |
142 |
| Taninthayi Division |
4 |
239 |
| Bago Division [East] |
8 |
all villages |
| Bago Division [West] |
5 |
all villages |
| Mon State |
2 |
184 |
| Rakhine State |
13 |
all villages |
| Yangon Division
|
1 |
all villages |
| Shan State [North] |
3 |
all villages |
| Shan State [East] |
7 |
all villages |
| Ayeyawady Division |
9 |
all villages |
|
| State/Division |
Target |
Work done |
Percentage |
| Kachin State |
125 |
172 |
137 |
| Kayah State |
15 |
15 |
100 |
| Kayin State |
45 |
49 |
109 |
| Chin State |
23 |
9 |
39 |
| Saging Division |
333 |
349 |
105 |
| Taninthayi Division |
53 |
52 |
98 |
| Bago Division |
168 |
211 |
126 |
| Bago Division[West] |
156 |
221 |
142 |
| Magway Division |
265 |
277 |
105 |
| Mandalay Division |
301 |
404 |
134 |
| Mon State |
98 |
16 |
17 |
| Rakhine State |
60 |
112 |
186 |
| Yangon Division |
142 |
196 |
183 |
| Shan State[South] |
24 |
56 |
223 |
| Shan State[North] |
5 |
4 |
80 |
| Shan State[East] |
40 |
42 |
105 |
| Ayeyawady Division |
311 |
425 |
136 |
| Total |
2164 |
2610 |
117 |
|
| Border Area Development Works in Communication Sector [2001] |
| Auto Radio Telephone |
9 |
| Satellite Communications Stations |
15 |
| Telegraph Offices |
45 |
| Radio Telephones |
45 |
| Local Exchanges |
54 |
| Carrier Machines |
21 |
|
